dual-block randomization - ορισμός. Τι είναι το dual-block randomization
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Τι (ποιος) είναι dual-block randomization - ορισμός

STATISTICAL METHOD IN GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
Mendelian randomisation; Mendelian randomization analysis; Mendelian Randomization
  • Directed acyclic graph traditionally used to represent the Mendelian randomization framework and its core assumptions. <math>Z</math> is the genetic variants, <math>X</math> is the exposure, <math>Y</math> is the outcome of interest, and <math>U</math> are possible confounders.
  • Gregor Mendel. The term Mendelian randomization was termed because the random assignment of genetic variants from parents to offspring is fundamental to the method.

Mendelian randomization         
In epidemiology, Mendelian randomization (commonly abbreviated to MR) is a method using measured variation in genes to interrogate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. Under key assumptions (see below), the design reduces both reverse causation and confounding, which often substantially impede or mislead the interpretation of results from epidemiological studies.
Dual space         
  • ''x''<sub>1</sub> + ''x''<sub>2</sub>}}.
The addition +′ induced by the transformation can be defined as ''<math>[\Psi(x_1) +' \Psi(x_2)](\varphi) = \varphi(x_1 + x_2) = \varphi(x)</math>'' for any ''<math>\varphi</math>'' in the dual space.
VECTOR SPACE OF LINEAR FUNCTIONALS (MAY CONSIST ONLY ON CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONALS OR OF ALL FUNCTIONALS)
Duality (linear algebra); Dual vector space; Algebraic dual; Continuous dual; Continuous dual space; Algebraic dual space; Norm dual; Double dual; Topological dual space; Dual (linear algebra); Annihilator (linear algebra); Dual Space
In mathematics, any vector space V has a corresponding dual vector space (or just dual space for short) consisting of all linear forms on V, together with the vector space structure of pointwise addition and scalar multiplication by constants.
Block (permutation group theory)         
TERM IN MATHEMATICS AND GROUP THEORY
Block system
In mathematics and group theory, a block system for the action of a group G on a set X is a partition of X that is G-invariant. In terms of the associated equivalence relation on X, G-invariance means that

Βικιπαίδεια

Mendelian randomization

In epidemiology, Mendelian randomization (commonly abbreviated to MR) is a method using measured variation in genes to interrogate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. Under key assumptions (see below), the design reduces both reverse causation and confounding, which often substantially impede or mislead the interpretation of results from epidemiological studies.

The study design was first proposed in 1986 and subsequently described by Gray and Wheatley as a method for obtaining unbiased estimates of the effects of a putative causal variable without conducting a traditional randomized controlled trial (i.e. the "gold standard" in epidemiology for establishing causality). These authors also coined the term Mendelian randomization.